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һ̻ʷ멤ʷѧ
 ʷ˵ʷѧǶȣ˽ǾԲܺԵһ顣ʷѧԷΪ棺
 һʷѧҪо̻ʷ˽ȥǧ꣬ڽ̻﷢һЩʲô飬һЩʷֹrЩ¼Ӱ졣һоڱȽԵоо̻ʷҪṩһý̽֡˽ݵʷչʱһʷʷ飬Ҳڽ̻ʷĻȥ̽֡˼ǵǵѧ
 ҪоѧʷҲǵʷĹ̡оѧʷʱȿԴÿһʱ˼֣Ҳ˵˼һڽ̻ͽЩʲôʲôʹ϶λһ塢˶ԵȣЩǽܿ϶ĽۣȥһۺóġңڵĽ̻ᣬôЩ⣬ͽѧ˼ʷ򵥵˵Բͬȥ̽ڹȥǸѧ˼Ĳͬǡѧ˼ʷоˡΣǿɴӲͬʱθȥ˽ͬһ⣬Ȼۺϸͬʱһо˽⣬ͽ巢չʷ򵥵˵ۺϸͬʱķչ̣ǡ巢չʷо
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 ͭΪ¹ڣʷΪ֪棬Ϊ֪ʧ
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 ʷܰ˽ȥ֪ǵֽδݱģ˽⣬ʹ֪Ϊʲôǽվλϣͬʱǰ֪һ
ä
 ä㡱һЩԼĶǿ飬ǴԼĹ۵ͱ㣬˾ͺȻǣ浽һЩä㡣ʷͳǵĺð֣Ϊʷ԰ĿһЩǹȥҲ飬һЩȥĴ
˵ЩǺʷˣעҪһ磺ظʷĴ󡣡 ˵ʷĽѵ˲ȡʷĽѵ
Ұ
 Ƕ֪վø߾ԶҰҲԽܹۺʷϣͻӵķḻȥϸо̽ʷȥ£ԼȥǵṩǹȥԵϣǡ
 ʷѧ˽һͽ˵ǲȱٵġһܹͻƣٽһչĵزҲʷĽǶһһЩΪʷѧֽ̻̽ʷҲ̽ʷһΡֻǰǣḻ˽ǵĹȥҲʹǵڱ壬ʹǵĽӵһ϶ķҲ԰ǱһЩȥĴȡȥĽѵѧϰʷһЩrǵҰаյĻͽǴ̻ᡢ̵ֽʱΪһзȷݵˡ
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 оʷһҪǰʷֳɲͬʱڣͬĽ׶ΡܰǸս̻ᷢչ̵ĸڽ̻ʷһ¼ַַ
һַ̻ĶǧʷΪʱڣ
 1Ŵ̻ 30-590A.D.
 2ͽ̻ 590-1517 A.D.
 3ͽ̻ 1517-
 ڹŴУ̻ῪʼӰѾŵĸ֡ϣĻʢһʱֶûڵʱĿ֮СЩ 476A.D.ʷս֮ʱ㸲۹ڽ̻ʷȴ590A.D.ְ̻Ϊ͵ķˮ롣ʱ˻ƶƶȵʱĩһ̺͵һͽ̻ʡ
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 Ļﵽ˳֮ʱ´½ˡ·¶95Ǳô֮ǰ25꣬ײColumbusޡ1840Ժ֮ƾ۹֮˶Ҫ졣ʴ˰ѽͽ̻ʷΪ󲿷ǺȻģһΪɴ½Ľ̻ᣬڶΪ´½Ľ̻ᡣ
ķַ̻2000ʷΪĸʱڣ
 1ڽ̻ᣨڽ̻ᣩ 30-590A.D.
 2йʱ 590-1517A.D.
 3Ľʱڣԭʱڣ 1517-1648A.D.
 4ʱڣִ̻ᣩ 1648-
 1517 ꣬·¹ˡ95죬ʽʼڽ̸ĸֳơԭڽ̸ĸһ˶Լάһ꣬1618һĶ۩rǽŷˡʮսⳡսڽ̸ĸйصġڽ̸ĸʱھͶʮսʱ򣬼1648ꡣ
 1648ԺʷһΪˡִʱڡԽ̻ĵĸʱڣ֮ΪʱڵĽ̻ᡣ
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 ʾ¼߽̻ͬҮս̵ġߴ̻ʷΪ߸ʱڡ
 ̻ʱ(Ԫ) Ӧ߽̻ᣨ2-3£ Ӧ߱(̫13)
 ʹͽʱڣ33/100 Ը̻ᩤԸɰɡ֮ ֵı
 ʱڣ100/312 ʿÿý̻ᩤʿÿãࡱ ֮ ӵı
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 ʱڣ1648/- ǽ̻ᩤǣమ ֮ ӵı
 Ԫʱڣ1910/- ϵ׼ν̻ᩤϵ׼Σ ֮ ı
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һ ʹͽʱ  ʱ䣺30-100A.D. Ү쵽ʹͽԼȥ
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 ΣҮҲָ̻ڵϵĴʹ֮ͽѵҪҮյĵ̵ءߣҲ̻Ӳָ꣬Ҳǽ̻ᷢչͬҲÿһͽķ̷򡣸Ĵǽ̻ϵͽѵǽ̻ʵ
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 ģŵĿ ͽ10/11
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 ŸĴ̻ĵλõӰ죬Ȼγɳڽ̻ġһΪҮ·䣬ΪᰢΪԸҮ·Ϊ̫˴Ȼ尲ᰢ̻򷢱ޡðͿʼĸrԸŵصλõԣ˵Ըȫ硱Ը̻ѧԸΪ̵ģԼҲڴ˶ȹꡣʹͽʱȺΪݵ۹һƲɵǰƽ

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 ͽҮյĴʹĸʱʼ̫еĴ⻹ûôΪҮղ̫ı仯ǿԱǵĴͳҸȺԽԽʱһЩͳˡЩһȳΪ衣
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 ߣͽԽԽ̻࣬Ƿ쵼Ϊʲô쵼ȨҪ̫ϣЩĥʹһЩ⡣
谭ĿԽ
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 2Ү·ᩤʽ
 ʱ䣺Ԫ49죬޵һв
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 3˴˽ɩ̫֮Ĺϵ
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 ҵİṩ˽̻һһͽڼڰĻ½̵ڶͽʹøӰܹилĽˡ
 2ͨõϣĻ
 ͳҲ뵽ҪǼϣԣΪ۹ͨڵԡ۹棬е˳Լķ֮⣬ҪѧϰһͨϣĽͳΪ۹һ๲ͨĹͨý飬ʹͽ׵ϣԺ︣
 3ĽͨŦ
 һҪĽ裬ģΪĵ㣬۹潨ٹ·Щ·ĿģΪž;ġǽо仰ͨԭݵʱ۹Ľͨ
 ıɻҮ·ȥʱȵʱ޴Ү·ʱΪ㻹Ҫÿһҵ¹ݰǩ^ʱ޿һ·衣ҲŽͨķ㣬ܹ൱ٵ۹ﴫȥ
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 ϣѧ෽棬˵ϣѧڷչĹҲìܣǾ;塣ϣ񻰻ѧ˼ܴһϵ㡣ȴĽе⡣˵ҮջĸǵʱϾᵽԭĴ𰸡

 ʹͽʱڽ̻ĸ˳ЩڵĿ͹֮⣬Ҫؾǽ̻ı֡ʱ̻ͽļ^ġƽȡһļ^¸ҵȷĶǺܽwĽġΪǵΪ۷Ϊһص֩ͽõļ^ʹý̻һڵҮջĸ
Ϊļ^ͬͶ룬ʹʹͽʱڽ̻øˣڲһʱഫ˵۹ÿ䡣
Լŵд
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 ԼҼ 95 Ը 
 Լ 95 Ը İ
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ڶ ʱ ʱ䣺100/313A.DʹͽԼʿ̹䷢
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1»Nero Լ37-68 A.D.
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2Domitian, 51-96 A.D.
 81꿪ʼȵ˳𣬵ʱʵǶһñȵĻʵۣλĩΪԳΪýԼھǸվݣҪ"ǵǵ"ƺģѲͽǴܵһҲ⡣ıܸ˹д̣򱻷һСϣǵӣָΪλмˣҲӴ伣ͥΪǵĴǲ١ʹͽԼҲŵĦĵϣﱻ˴ɱԼŻͣʱ97ꡣ
3Ŭͼ棬Trajan,98-117A.D.
 ŬһλȤĻʵۡ˿ߣȲϲڽ̣಻Ըrڽ̵Уʹ̵̫̼Ⱥ١ȴάһϳͻͽԭ򣬷ӵٱĳǻͽ㳹׵飬Ҫʵ۵׼ʾףҪȻ㽫λʱʹȽһ½׶Σһǽֹܼź̩rڶһּСƤŦPlily , 112A.D.ּдԴ̵߽ꡣ
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 Ŭʾ˵"ڴΪͽİ÷ǳȷЩԼǻͽģǱ뾴ǵʾס
 ּʹһͨġϵͳĶԻͽıڴ˺Ȼ
 Ŭͳ£̻λɫѳѣҮ·棨SymeonŸֵܺͼߣ120֮ʱʮּܣA.D.107ᰢĵ(Ignatius, 35-107 A.D.)ѺͶԲξ糡ιʨӣA.D.115
4Hadrian,117-138A.D.
 ʵ۹λʱǰʵͨߡеıͽ̵ĽдҪͽѪλ䣬̫˵ı¼̫ŬʱͳڸɧҲ̫Ϊ鷳ߡ117A.D.һֹּ̫˾ڽϵļֹиذϢաɷȡ
̫һǣаͶƿ˰ͣBarcocheba⼴֮ӡ2417پ԰˹Ρ׵ĳǧ̫ˣ132A.D.һѱ䡣135A.D.ȡصļǣ50ϵ̫ˣɱͶƿ˰ͣƽ˴˴εѱ䡣֮Ү·䱻ؽΪһ֮ǣΪǼӱȶáAelia CapitolinaʥľַϽ Jupiterľǣĵ̫˴Ӵ˲óҮ·䡣ʵȴ׼ͽҮ·䣬˴лͽڰͶƿ˰ѱʱ
5Ƥ˹룺ŦƤڣ(Antoninus Pius138-161A.D.)
 ȻƤ˹һλº͵ĻʵۣƺòŬͨߡλ֮һЩѣͽʾÿõüױƤ˹ͳѳ
6ɰMarcus Aurelius161-180
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 ɰ֮λʷеһתءǰǸ˵ġǿʢġλ󣬹Ȼȡƣ˥֮Сձ˥ֿ֮ʵ۶˻ˡڿģ(Commodius)󽫽꣬192-284A.D.֮ڵĻʵ۶ɾѡ Ӫʵۡһʱڵ25ʵ֮ڣĸ⣬ĽڹڵĶ֮СټҰ֣ʹ۹˥΢
 ɰ֮󣬳ɪά˹Septimus Severus,193-211A.D.202A.D.һδ(аŦڴʱѳ),ʱͽһɵʱ⡣
7(Decius,249-251A.D.)
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8Valerian253-260A.D.
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9Diocletian,284-305A.D.
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10Galerius,305-311 A.D.
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Դ˼
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һԭе
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ͽ˳ͳߵֶδԩ
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ͳߵȨԿ
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 Ⱥʱʱ䣬̻Լչѹȵķ籩ֻܽĻ洵øҫдѳߵѪ˽̻ӡ
 ʹͽдµƪд˾ᷴѳľʾ¼һаͽͳ˵ϸʡһλΪѳˣʥأΪ֪Ү˵ǣĵļ^ˡ213ʾ¼ӦرĽʹ͸ЩǵѪΪĵ^ˣ69117 1317
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1(Ignatius, 35-107 A.D.)
 ޣ֮һ˵ãΪᰢ̡ϸʱȻܵϽ˿˹ܣǴĵȰͽʹĸǵĽ̻Լ̡ʿÿóʱдŸĽ̻ᣬҪǲҪ跨ѳwĽĸ֡˵ҿʼͽˣǿɼĻǲɼģҶƽϣֻҪӮûûʮּܡôȺҰɣǴҵĹͷ˺ҵ֫ҵȫˣһеĶٵҰɣԸˣֻҪӮûιҰޣʨӺʱ˵һӣҰ޵ĥңҾͺñƳɴˡ
2üףPolycarp, 70-155 A.D.
 üԭʿÿý̡̻üױ⸰ʾÿõѲΪҪᣬֻҪǰϻͷšü׶˵"86һֱ·ҵδңλҵľ"Ѳ˵"ұ㲻ܲ㶪Ұ޳ԡ"ü׻ش˵"Ұɣ"Ѳ˵"ҰޣҰա"üƽػش˵"ԻңǻȼһСʱˣȴϨĵĻ"ѲȺ˵"ü˵ǻͽ"ǱҪҪڻϣ˵ҪңλܹͻģؼңʹվȣҲҪöӶңҾϻǾͰڻϣûжӡü׵˵ŶҸл㣬㾹ʹѳߵ֮С˵ꡰǣٳ͵˻ü׾Ѫ^ŵĵ
3Cyprian of Carthage,200-258A.D.
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4ʥ˹ST.Lawrence
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ŭ𣬲ҪʡŪϣñӳùȭͷ͹Ӵͷ߰Ҫ𣬺óҵŭ˵꣬һеı̶ִˡ˹ֿܾ֮ڴȼУĸܸİϢ
5Alban
 ӢһΪ֮ѳģʱֵ﷢˹棬ķȺͽ
 Ǹߣһһλִ̻ӱȺ㵽ҹѵ棬ܸж𽥽ִõĽ̵һĵĻͽ ˸ܣڻʵǰִµ·ִ£͵˾ʱڼ̳׼˾ǰʱŭ氢ǱҪ̷ȷ˵һͽ˵׼ǼȲܰˣҲӦǵ󡣡
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6ƽͽѳߵĹ
 ʵȣBlandinaλūŮпĿֳ˵ͷ˵ļǿգΪʨӵʳA.D.177
 װȣPotamiaenaλľŮܵı̵ġµ޵в̿ĸһͬڷйA.D.202ĸŮ̵ִľ˽вϣ˹Basilidesһѳظж֮ճΪһͽҲնףܰļ˵֮ǰװȣPotamiaenaҹһ֣ѳߵĹᡣ
 һƽͽѳУŮͽͽ˸ļ¼󲿷ֵŮѳ²Ůѳ߱ͼPerpetuaȴһλŮˡûнոճӤͬͽɷ򣬶ǽڻУԼһļ

 ū˹Felicitasĺһͬڼ뺢Ƕձ˺ɡ
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 һʱ^һȺڻˣ^ʮּܸļ^ˣ^ˡһʣϣΪ̦ѦӦ?ѳΪͬһʣrҮʮּܼϢʦŦѦԦæ̦˩r֮·ѳ֮·˩rҮյʮּܴ󰮺ͶǳΪ^˩rǲϧΪΪͣΪֱ̣Ϊǲܻǻˣ14:6-8ûκܰȵİָǻѡȡ|¶壬Ҳв̿򡢵ǹޣܽǴӻĴи8:35
 ڳڽ̻кܶͽΪѳͶԽ̻Ӱ죺
 1߾ѳѽ̡
ڽ̻źܶѳʿӢµĹ£ΪͽСЩµҪĿģΪ˹̻ͽΪͷ­ѪľġʱѳʽǷǳпģһ˶ǰˬrѳʿҪǧڵע£ͽ޲Ϊɣǳ˱ֵĹߣڳЦĿУܼµĿ̡ΪҪͽ־̻ǿѳҪԡѳǻͽҵϵ⣨ҪΪ⣬Ҳ̫ˣɷָһ֣ͽӽܻ̿ʼгֵ׼Ե˩rǸʹɷָĲ֣Ү˵ģͽҪϱȺ^ܾ˻Լʮ 1827
ҪѳǸʹһ֣ǻͽӱѳӱʵʹˡʵϣǸʱҪӱȺҲ׵أҪǶҲ㲻ˣҵرס翶ɣڳڽ̻ᣬӱѳһ顣Ϊ̻쵼ߣ͸ҪΪͽĵĵ䷶Ĵأݺͽ̸ޣCyprianԼ200 258״Ⱥʱˣպش۵㣬ĵȨҲΪɩrڶȺʱΪѳһŵԱȫ

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 2ѳ
̻ڶѳʿľҲΪ˼ߡռѳʿŹղةrÿֶĳӣΪߵļʿÿý̻ռü׵Źǣ֮˵ĵط֮ȻƽʯҪةrÿд͵ףü׵ѳΪǼʤ⣬ΪЩҪͬˣѵϰԤѳʿݱΪպ̻ᾴʥ˵Ĵͳֻ̣ϴͳĽ̻ᣬʥ˾ĴͳΪͽǣȻʥ˾Ҫ֪ͳʷԵɡ
Իֻ̣̣
 Ϳα˳УһָıȣĻ˼ϵΧ̫ϣ˼һߣԻͽɡǻѧXƽй裬ṫ۶ԻʩԸѹֻһ̬ڽ̻Ĺ̼ͽи˼˼뼰ڽ̻"˶"Apologetic MovementвٵĻ߿ǵʱһ˼ҡЩ̵󲿷׸ʵ۵ģĶǵʱܹĹڡ

 ڵĻŵ˹£AristidesȶõʿͼAristo of PellarʿеϱʵۣĺԣΪʱ¶Ի̵硣
1ѳ˹Justin Martyr, Լ100165 A.D.ʿ
 ˹̹Żˣ2ġߡһλϣ̸һλߺʹߡͬʱ˳ѧҺѳʿΪһһѧҵӡڹԪ165꣬ΪնѳΪѳ˹
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 ˹ġһ̴ǡдʵƤ˹138161A.D.ģĿԻ̵ƫ⡣ָһ˵ͽֲ£Ǻ޸̸֮ԻͽΪʵϷӳ˸ߵԺ͵±׼
 ġڶ̴ǡ̶飬Եǲƽߡ޹ֻϻܼ֮Īдš
 ִ˹һƪǡԻ¼ԸеһۡǸн̫ˣԻͽ̫ɷͳҮˡ۽еúò˫ྴأ۵㼫˹˫ŵʥԣЩڻѳȫɷ˹۶оڻͽʥĽͼмֵ
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2Ŧ(Irenaeus, Լ115202 A.D.)
 ŦСϸǣܽʿÿüףΪ¬ﰺ̡СϸǵʿÿöȹʱܵüԼϵĽ̻塣üġĸءСϸʹͽԼĵطʹͽԼӰ£ӿֳһڻ̵Ҫѧ߳ΪСϸɡŦѧɵһλͬʱҲΰĴϣ̸УǴ󹫽ѧ˵ϵҪ֮һڹԪ202Ϊѳ
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 ɢ浽ڵǡˡҷƷν֪ʶ岿飩͡ʹͽ̵^һѵֲᣬ^̵ĻǾԼĹ᳹Ŧڶ෽淢չ˻̵ѧѧϸʥͽ̻ĽΪ̻ڲṩһȶĻӰ
3Tertullian, 160220A.D.¶ͼ
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 150ڷʡ̫һٷ򳤡ܵĽһɵϣʽĽʷѧʫѧɶϤ기ѧϰɣȻﵱʦһֱͽ˺˵Լ׷̵ϰף׵֮СԼ40ŹŻÿʼǻǰ̸ϣдĴ鼮ɢд31Ա档
 ݣ̶۹̬ȩrάͳ˩rͽĵΪԼϽĵ¹ʹ207ҲμŬɡ˺󲻾ãֶŬɱʾڽԼĽɣɡ
 Ľѧ(Apologeticum)ڽɵҪ󣬼̶ػ̣ƽضԴ̡ǿȺͽڷϵĻ˻Ӧõ̺ͽܵĵ
 һ顶ļ^On the Testament of the SoulȻȽʾἰ䳬ԽĿԴΪ^̵ЧػӦĿ
 ľǳ5ġۡΪʹþԼб绤ϵ۵ĶһԣǾߡ
 ڡǡ﷢չλһĽ塣
 Ż磬ıдڻǣǿǲþÿÿͻǵʱΰһλҡѧչӰ죬¹˹
4Origen, 185-251A.D.
 (ʥѧѧ)185ɽһͽͥ״ѧĶֹŵѧƷʥҲĸһλ̵ϣˣܸӰ죬202203νʦȽ¹ˣ̱ȽϸѧǼ˽ɽ̵׶ĵӣƾӰ˹̹ĸǡȥطӦ̻ǰȥѽף˾ۻнݡʵ۵޽дȺڼ䣬ˣ254
 ڽ̻ΰѧߺḻңϣ̸ɽѧɵҪ֮һĻ̹ǰĽ̸ΪɫҲ˻ѧչĻѧʶԨ˼ңԸŵʥְԱ˵ ڹŴ̻Уûб࣬־еˡڻ̻ʷϣĵλǳأ˼Ӱ˹Ԫ34͵Ļ磬һʱڵĻѧ֡ʼǸܹ˼ҪԡʥͽˡͳɡһЩѲ綨ֻ˵һλҪĻ˼ҡ۹Ƕѧ˼붼ӰԶ
 ඩˡ־ĺϲΡǳڽ̻йʥΰĽΪʥ壺塢ĵ塢ԢĻ壬ָǻİء
 ѧϵҪ١ͼϵͳ̵Ļ壺ϵۡʥ顢ꡢ־ʥ
 ѳȰ㡷͡桷ۻͽıơAgainst Celsusͼ߿ԻǳϤȴǻͽ177дһ̵飬ΪʵĶԻ˼񣬼ϷḻѧʶͲǣ۵ԱǻͽáԻսĴ𸴣ǹŴ˵ά
С᣺
 Ѫϴ񣬽̻᲻û˥΢Ϊڶᶨѳߺͽ̸Ļ̴øˡһѵϴ񣬽̻ᱻrߣͽҲڿеԼ̩rңֿм겻̬ҲӮڶԵ𾴩rͬʱ̵ִַΪ̸ķ̵õõڹ͡



 ̻ڵʱ¸ҵԱȣᶨȥӭӿѶǽͨĵʤˡһ棬ĹȴӵĲⱣڽ̻ڲֵһЩ˵⡣̻ڱȵƣʱͳһռ䣬һЩ˵лɳˡ
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һѧ˵Ebionism
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1808꣬˼һӡȴ󲿷ֵʹõԣ
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1810꣬
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A.D.1648-
1715 ͷԡʱʼ
1727 ¹ĪάǺһ֮ˡ(᯶)
1738 ˹ȵĸ˶
1750 ҵӢʼ
1776 ԡ1789ʢٳΪһͳ
1792 Ӣ׶ػ
1793 ֮A.D.1761-1834״αӡ
1815 ¬սۨTTưܡ
1886 ѧ־˶
1895 ᷢߵ硣
1901 ׼ʥ
1903 ֵܼݵһܷɻСʼʱ
1904 Ӣ˹ĸˡ
1905 ˹̹ۡ
1906 ݿʼ
 ĸˡ
 Ȼʱĩʱڵʱ˴صΪ˶ʷи˽Ϊ˷䣬ʰ1910ʷ·ĩʱڵĴ־С
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1ѧ棺
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 μ©rڰ˶Ρط̻ᡷţط̻ҪǴھŶΡ¹ĺָԼһкеĹϵǿ¹ĹԡʮΡִ硷ִǡһ̧ͷĻǸעġʮһΡԽǧսṩǰ¹ķʮΡѵľͽ֪Ĺ񣬹ԻͽӦµĩrȻͽΪĵԤӭӿѡ
 һž꣬ɣίԱڵ¹ʷͼ(Stuttgart)ᣬµµĿʼµĽṹµ쵼(رǹԡԣȤȺ)ΪͬʹίԱΪɣ˶ʷκһʱڣԾ 1993꣬ʮһɣ̻͵飬ֱʮٿȻɣһԻȻ쵼ߡãҪȫԵᡱڴˣΪǵ棬ϣڸ¹ϣܷչĺһܼȣȷĸݣһԣ͸ǫ
1AD-36? Үջһ
1AD ĵһ꣨a.d. = anno Domini֮꡷ο 525֮Ӽ״άGaius Julius Caesar Octavianus,63 b.c.-a.d. 14, ۹ĵһʵۣ27 b.c.-a.d. 14Ϊ¹˹ Augustus
6 ϣǻϣHerod Archelausܰ¹˹Ϊ̴ʡķַϽǡ̴Զأʡ춸ǡ
6-? ŤQuiriniusǵʱǵѲ̴ȫĵһ˰֡
6-9 ƲŦCoponius̴ʡѲ
7-26 ݵĺƽ̴󼰼ûжҡս
9-12? άǣM. Ambivius̴ʡѲ
12?-15 ³ڣAnnius Rufus̴ʡѲ
14-37 Tiberius I b. 42BCʵ
25? Ħα֣ϣġ
26-36 ࣨPontius Pilate̴ʡѲ
27-29? ʩϴԼʼ·Luke 3,1-2ʮ꣩
27-34? ҮսԼϴMk1:4-11
33-34? ʩϴԼϣɰɱLuke 3,19-20
33-36? Үյ·
36? Үɢ14գ30գ屻ʮּϡ [Ref: John, Unauthorized Version/Fox] Լϡ 7Apr30 & 3Apr33 possible Fri/14/Nisan crucifixion dates
36?-65? Үƽһɸд֮䣬ǻ̿ͳ׶Ρ̻ɢǼ̫ȫأActs 8,1ff˵쵼̻ᣬ̻
36?-67 ˵쵼̻ᣬ̻ĴҮ·
36?-37 ɨʹ˾ᷴѳҮ·̻ᱻ١
37 ı޹ Acts 9
37-41 ̣Gaius CaligulaʵۣԳΪ
37-41? ³·ʿMarullus̴ʡѲ
40 Ү·˵ù̡Gal 1, 18-20
41-54 ϶Claudius ʵۣʺǻǶ
44 ŸԼֵܱϣHerod Agrippa I Acts 12, 1-3
47-48 ðǰӱ· Acts 13, 4-12
48-49 Ү·ᣬҲǽ̻һδ󹫻顣ʹͽ϶Ըʳɹʶд֪ͨᰢǡͽActs 15
48-57? д̫
49-50 ڸֶ Acts 18
50? ʥ뱾Peshitta ʼ룬ϣԼġ ϣԼ400ɣ
50? ǵͱԭϣģʥ
51-52 ׫дǰ
51-52 ׫дȺ
53-62 ׫д
54-68 »ʵ
56 ׫дֶǰ
57 ׫д
57 ׫дֶ
57 һηҮ·䣨Acts21
58 ޱڸǼActs25:4
59 »ɱĸףǻǣAgrippina
60 ޹ΣActs 28,16
61-63? ׫дԸ飿
61-63 ׫д
61-63 ׫д
61-63? ׫дĦ̫ǰ顢飬ǡʹͽš
62? Ү·дŸ Gal 2,9?
62 ѳ
62 Ϊ˹Festusŵ˹AlbinusȻңٿ飨sanhedrinоҮյֵŸΥɷ̣ʯͷ [JA20.9.1,Marginal Jew,p.57]
62 »ɱ´άǣOctaviaȢţPoppaea SabinaΪޣӰ»ҡ
64 »ȼ𲢼޻ͽ [Tacitus Annals 15.44;Marginal Jew;Meier;p.89-90]
64-95? ˵ǰд飬ʹͽ˵дģš
65-125 ĸʹͽдʾ¼ɡ˵̫д֮ǰѳ
65? ɣQ written - German:Quelle, meaning "source"ɸ·Ӹʹõϣľġ
65-150 ̵飺ʹͽŵĽ̵
65-150 öԻ˵ø
65-150 ڰ˹ֲֵֽžPapyrus Oxyrhynchus 1224 fragments: pub. 1914
65-150 ܸ Q?дɡpub. 1959, Greek originals: Papyrus Ox. 1,654-5
65-175 ֲֽžPapyrus Oxyrhynchus 840 fragments: pub. 1908
65-175 Ӣ˰ӵǷֲֵֽž֪ĸ飨Papyrus Egerton 2 Unknown Gospel fragments: pub. 1935/87ڰ˹̹ϣĹžִϵĻͽģ~175
65-250 ڰ﷢ֲֵֽžPapyrus Fayum P. Vindob. G. 2325 fragments: pub. 1887
65-350 ̫ͽԱɸ߸Ƭ߸Ƭϣĵϣ36Ƭĵո
66-70 ̫սµڶʥϣʥĻٻ
67 ˵ѳʮּܡ
67-78 ū˵õĵڶνڣLinus mentioned in 2 Tm 4,21
67 ά˹ȣVespasian
68 »ʵɱ see 81
68 ȶͣGalbaʵ 6/68-1/69
68  Essenes? ֮1949 
69 ͼOtho ʵ 1/69-4/69
69 άVitellius ʵ 6/69-12/69
69 άFlavian Dynasty of Rome - Vespian, Titus, Domitian
69-79 ά˹ƽVespian ʵۣƽҮ·ҡ
70 ̴̨Ү·ʥ١
70 ɸ׫дɣܸݱ˵ɣ1 Peter 5,13ԭĩ󲿷ʧˣԼ400겹ϡ
70? ԤĸдɣʹԼеϣдɣ֤Үǡ
70-640 ̫֣ᣩHillelȨ
75-90 ɸQΪ·Ӹ׫дɡ
75-90 ʹͽд׫дɣ·Ӹͬһλߡ
79-81 ൣʵۣά˹ȳӡ
79-91 ǿͼPope Anacletusενڣ޿ָųơ
79 λǲ˹άɽɽûӱǡ
80-85 ɸԼQϵ̫׫дɣڳ̻ܻӭ
81-96 Domitianʵۣά˹ȶӣ׳»Ļsee 68
81-96 ʾ¼׫дɣ̫ĶԼѧдɡ
90-100 Լһдɣɵĸдɣ춽̻֮һ
90-100 ԼдɣɳԼ̫ĶԼдɣͬ춽̻֮һ
90-100 Լдɣ̫ĶԼдɣҮյ֤ˣҮϲͽŵ˹壿
90? ԼɪƾԼ̫ʥ 22 5ɷ顢13ʷ顢4ʫ顣
91-101 ڸһνڣmentioned in Phil 4,395ʱдŸֶ̻ᣬƸǰ顣
94 ̫ʷѧԼɪĵġ̫ʷϣģһμء....ʱҮճˣһλǻ۵ˡһλеˣϲߵʦ̫˼ϣ˵ĸߡظ˽Ѳǰʱоʮּܡ˲δݣֱЩΪͽĲδɢ [JA18.3.3 Meier redaction, Marginal Jew, p.61]
96? ϣ׫дɣ߲ꡣ
96-98 ᷨNervaʵۡ
98-116 ͼ棨Trajan ʵۣ۹춸߷塣
100? ʫ裬ϣĻдɣα
100? ð飬ʮʿ뱾Ļ;
100? 飬Ǹš
100? ˹飬ϣģƾԼΪ24 Ӵ汾ͨװʥ뱾ʥ
100? ¼ʾ ¼ - ģ¼ʾ - ϣģ 뱾
100? Ү¼ʰţParalipomena of Jeremiah¼飩ϣд ʥ
100? ʮ峤ѵTestaments of the Twelve PatriarchsļϣƬ߱֡ʥ
100? ̴׫дɣҮյдģMark 6,3ἰŵĵʾ飬ͽܾ
100-125? ˵úдɣֱ߲꣬400űΪ䡣
100-150 ŸԾĨǸŸ顢ܸ顣
101-109 ˹ͼEvaristusν
109-116 ɽAlexanderν
110? ü׵飬üдɡ
110? ǶţǶǰᰢ̣ѳųα죬ڵ͵ʱ
116-125 ˹һSixtus Iν
117-138 Hadrianʵۣ粻еߵĳǽ
125-350 ʱ䣬ʥһ汾ɡͽӱܱȵձ۹̡ʱ䣬ߡ
125-136 ̻˼˹Telesphorusڰν̻ʣѳ
125? ֲֽ 52 ϵԼʥƬ1935ӡƳ棬parts of Jn18:31-33,37-38
125? ֮飨Shepherd of Hermasдɡ
130-200 ѳ˹Justin Martyr, 165ŵɸAthenagoras, 180?˹׵£Aristides, 145?ᰢᰢޣTheophilus of Antioch,185?ᰲTatian, 170ͽQuadratus, 130?÷Melito of Sardis, 180? ϣǲɣApollinaris of Hierapolis,180?׫дͽѧԼţЩΪǶԿͽ
130? ϣµĸGospel of Basilides24]飿ʧ
130? Ƥ˹ϣ̣׫д˵]͡ʧݹ㱻ásee Eusebius, 340
130? ǾAquila of PontusŻ̵̺̫ˣеѧڼ Jabneh or JamniaԼϣ뱾༭ɡ
132-135 ֮ӣBar Kokhbaң̫һεңƽ󣬴Ӵ̴Ү·ӵͼʧͨư˹̹
138-161 ԼAntoninus Piusʵ
138-142 ϣ˹Hyginusھν̻
140 ţLetters of MarcionԼԼԼ䣬ʮżһι·Ӹ
140? ˵ʾ¼Apocalypse of Peterϣдɡ
142-155 ʮν̻ʱԼһPius I
150? ˵ĸGospel of the EgyptiansϣķɿģŰģڰθڳ
150?  Western Revisor ԭʹͽд汾ʹͽд汾ԭʹͽдٷ֮ʮֲֽ
150? ˹رֽţPapyrus Chester Beatty 6: R963ϣ Num 5:12-36:13 1:20-34:12
155-166 ʮһν̻ʰУAnicetus
160? üףPolycarpʿÿý̻ļල86ѳдš
161-180 ɰMarcus Aureliusʵ
164-180 ۹
166-174 ʮν̻УSoterɢ14Ƶ졣
170 ﰺ̰ŦдɡŦšá汾
170 СϸŬɻͽٿͽ
170 ̵ֶ׫д Letters of Dionysiusлͽܸġαţܸĸһ
170 ѳ˹ͽᰲTatianųɡϹ Diatessaron Harmonyıϳһ
170? ˹SymmachusˣȫµľԼʥϣ뱾
174-189 ʮν̻ʰףEleutherius
175? ϣıдֶ顣
180-192 ĪࣨCommodusʵ
185-350 䣨Canon MuratorianԼʥĵĵһԭ壿ϣӣɡδϣ顢Ÿ顢˵ǰ顢Լ飻ǻ鼰˵ʾ¼
189-198 ʮν̻ά˶һVictor Iһλ˵ν̻ʣ춶ָ̻ɢ14գ̻󹫽̻ᡣQuartodeciman ʮսڣָھ̵̫Խڡsee 166,
190 ̴󹫻ʽ
193-211 ɪ˹³˹Septimius Severusʵ
197 ˹Writings of ApolloniusἰԼһʱʹá󹫽̻catholicһ֡
198-217 ʮν̻ŵZephyrinus
200 ᰢἰ˵øѾʹá
200? ĬѲֽ Bodmer CollectionѲֽɵڶĩңP66P72P73P74P75P66ΪҪԼ󲿷ݡJn 1:1-6:11,35-7:52;8:12-14:26,29-30;15:2-26;16:2-4,6-7,10-20:20,22-23,25-21:9
200? ĬѲֽ Bodmer CollectionP 75Luke & John, Lk3:18-22,33-4:2,34-5:10,37-6:4,10-7:32,35-39,41-43,46-9:2,4-17:15,19-18:18; 22:4-24:53; Jn1:1-7:52;8:12-11:45,48-57;12:3-13:1,8-9;14:8-30;15:7-8
200? ڶ˹رֽ46 Papyrus 46: 2nd Chester BeattyRm5:17-6:3,5-14;8:15-25,27-35,37-9:32;10:1-11:22,24-33,35-15:9,11-16:27;Hb1:1-9:16,18-10:20,22-30,32-13:25;1Cr1:1-9:2,4-14:14,16-15:15,17-16:22;2Cr1:1-11:10,12-21,23-13:13;Ep1:1-2:7,10-5:6,8-6:6,8,20-24;Gl1:1-8,10-2:9,12-21;3:2-29;4:2-18,20-5:17,20-6:8,10-18;Ph1:1,5-15,17-28,30-2:12,14-27,29-3:8,10-21;4:2-12,14-23;Cl1:1-2,5-13,16-24,27-2:19,23-3:11,13-24;4:3-12,16-18;1Th1:1,9-2:3;5:5-9,23-28
200? ֽ32ţJohn Rylands LibraryTitus 1:11-15;2:3-8
200? ֽ64+67ţMt3:9,15;5:20-22,25-28;26:7-8,10,14-15,22-23,31-33
200? ģģ
200? ʥʼ̫룬ԭʧ
200? Űɳϡʥɽ׿롣
212-217 GetaCaracalla Ⱥʵۡ
217-236 ϣӣHippolytus̻ʣ޸˹Logosɣһλ̻ߡ
217-222 ʮν̻ʿ˹һCallistus I
218-222 ¼Ӱ¬˹Heliogabalusʵ
220 ˣGothsСϸǼͶɰ뵺
220? ɽ̸⣨Clement of Alexandria, b.150?ɽԼɸܣSecret Gospel of Mar˸׫дϣ˵Ȱ Exhortations to the Greeks˵ Rich Man's SalutationԼϴ To the Newly Baptized
222-230 ʮν̻ڶһUrban I
222-235 ɽ˹Alexandar Severusʵۡ
223? Tertullian׫дThe Shows "de Spectaculis" LatinἰҮ֮ӵҥἰ
225? ڶ˹رֽ45 Papyrus 45: 1st Chester BeattyǸ Gospels Caesareanɽʹͽд Acts AlexandrianMt20:24-32;21:13-19;25:41-26:39; Mk4:36-40;5:15-26,38-6:3,16-25,36-50;7:3-15 ,25-8:1,10-26,34-9:9,18-31;11:27-12:1,5-8,13-19,24-28; Lk6:31-41,45-7:7;9:26 -41,45-10:1,6-22,26-11:1,6-25,28-46,50-12:12,18-37,42-13:1,6-24,29-14:10,17-33; Jn10:7-25,30-11:10,18-36,42-57; Ac4:27-36;5:10-21,30-39;6:7-7:2,10-21,32-41,52-8:1,14-25,34-9:6,16-27,35-10:2,10-23,31-41;11:2-14,24-12:5,13-22;13:6-16,25-36,46-14:3,15-23;15:2-7,19-27,38-16:4,15-21,32-40;17:9-17
225? ڶ˹رֽ967Papyrus 967: Chester Beatty 9ϣ Ezekiel 11:25-end
230-236 ʮν̻ǫPontianС
230-250 л̴󹫻飬ɽ̵׶DemetriusǴ248ɪ˹Celsus ۼң¼һҥԣҮ鹹ԼͯŮģʵϣҮյĸΪһλPanthera̫ͨϳΪben Pantereľţƶ޼ҿɹ飬ҮյĸװҮաҮճڰȹ뱲ӣk͹ѧϰԼ񡣡 [CC1.28-32, Marginal Jew, Meier, p. 223]
236-238 ʵķMaximusֹϢĻ̷ˣ̻ǫPontian̻ʵϣУHippolytusᣨSardiniaܿȥˡ
236-237 ʮν̻ʰ³ʿAnterus
237-250 ڶʮν̻ʷȰFabian
238-244 ߵڰһGordian I, II,ͱŦ˾BalbinusձŦ˾PupienusߵڰGordian IIIʵ
240-250 ȴ󹫻
244-249 ʵ
249-251 ޣDeciusʵ
249 ۹ףһǧ
250 Ȼͽѳ߱Ϊʥͽ
250 īţLetters of Methodius˹շ飨Pistis Sophia̩˹Porphyry TyriusŽ̸
250? װMandeansʩϴԼ׷ߣʼ༭Ginza
251-253 ʵ۸¬ʿGallus
251-253 إһν̻ʸCornelius
251-258 ̻ŵ죨NovatianһϣԽ̻ٽɹȥ֮ѵߣϽ̻ж֮Ȩ
253-260 ʵﰲValerianе̡˾ִ´
253-254 إν̻³һLucius I
254-257 إν̻˾ᷴһSteven IʱҪĽ̻ԭΪˡߵϴ
257-258 إν̻˹ƶSixtus IIѳ
257 壨Visigoths 壨Ostrogothsֺں invade Black Sea area, 壨Franks
258 ţLetters of Cyprian̫̣cites "Western" NT text-type, claims Christians are freely forging his letters to discredit him
260-268 ʵۼūGallienusﰲʵֹۣͣȺͽ޸̻ᡣ
260-268 إν̻ʵޣDionysiusﰲʵɱؽ̻ᡣ
264-268 ̻󹫻Ħ֮ޣPaul of Samosataᰢ̣Ψһ۵Ĵʼ ҮֻһˣֱϴʱʥŽڵkϡ
264? ţLetters of Dionysiusɽ
268 ˴ŵˡ˹ʹ˼ֶˡ
268-270 ʵ۸϶Claudius II
269-274 إν̻ʷ˹һFelix I
270-275 ʵ۰Aurelian
275-283 إν̻ŷգEutychianöֻжǱףġ
276-282 ʵ۰Marcus Aurelius Probus
276 ĦᣨMani, b.215ѳĦ̣Manichaeanʼˣڲ˹Ļ
283-296 إν̻˹Gaius
284-305 ʵ۴ﰲDiocletianǼĻͽȺߡ
285 ۹ѳɶ֡
290-345 ڣSt Pachomiusڰ˵һ޵Ժ
296-304 إν̻֣Marcellinusߣṩʵ۴ﰲļ
303-311 ͽ۹һεıȡ
304 άţLetters of Victor, bishop of Pettau
306-337 ʵ۾ʿ̹ۣConstantine the Great̡
306-312 ʵɭᣨMaxentius
306-308 ʮν̻·һMarcellus Iͼǰν̻ʣMarcellinusʹͽͳƳʵɭƻƽ֮
310 ئһν̻ڣEusebius뷴̻߿һʵɭﵺ
311-314 ئν̻ǵãMiltiadesʿ̹ʺ˹󹬵̻ʵԢ
312 ½Lucianᰢ;ѧԺĴˣѳ
312 ʵ۾ʿ̹ܶάŻɭʵۣͳһ۹
313 ʿ̹۰Edict of Milan̡̻
313 ׶̩ףMiltiades ͼ˹Donatus̻ᣬ Ҫϴ
314-335 ئν̻˹һSilvester I
314 ʿ̹ٿն󹫻飨Council of ArlesԿͽɵķ塣
317 ̹˹ţLetters of Lactantiusڽ̸
321 ʿ̹ΪʽͽϢա
325 ʿ̹ٿǴ󹫻飨Councilof NicaeaԿ塣Ү׳֮Ϊһλͽ󹫻飬һκһ˶318λ̲μӣž
330 ʿ̹׷ʥ˵ð춴ͳΪʹͽ޵ٸɽ
331 ʵƵʿ̹ ǰİռͥ
336-337 ئν̻ɣMark
336 ϣѧң壬˼븸ĹϵʱŻе븸ͬڣǸģ༴˵ʥڸδȸǲڵġһʥʥıзֱģλһ˶ҡˡ
337-350 ۹ٴηѣʵ۾ʿ̹˼Constansͳε350ꡣ
337-361 ۹ٴηѣʵ۾ʿ̹Constantiusͳε361ꡣ
337-352 ئν̻һJulius I
338 ̫Ϊ̫
340? ǵڣEusebius of CaesareaѧҼ̻ʷѧң̻ʷEcclesiastical History
ʷ
350 - 1054
350-400 һͽʥһͽʥɵмĲ֡
352-366 ئν̻£Liberius
354-430 ʥ¹˹̣Ϊʽѧʼߡ
355-365 ̻˹壬ɾʿ̹֧֡
360 ūŷޣ鱾ȡ
361-363 JulianڵĻʵۣԻָ̡
363 ϵ׼δ󹫻飨Council of LaodiceaԼ26ʾ¼
364 ϵ׼δ󹫻飨Council of LaodiceaоͽصΪϢ
366-384 ئν̻ʴһDamasus Iöɱ˵ķ̻ڶŬ  Liberians
366-367 ̻ڶŬǰν̻£Liberius֧֡
367 ޣɽ̣һᵽԼإ߾顣
379-395 ʵ۵Ұ¶ۣTheodosius the Greatͳһ۹һλʵۡ
380 Ұ¶춶إΪ̡
381 Ұ¶󹫻飨Council of Theodosiusڿʿ̹ٿڶκһ˶öҮԡ
382-384 ̻ʴһDamasus IҪҮ޶ʥ
383 ųеߡ
384 Ү׳̻ʴһDamasus Iµĸԭʼļʧ
384-399 ئν̻ޣPope SiriciusҮס
393,397 ¹˹󹫻飨Augustine's CouncilsȷἰԼإ߱
395 ʵ۵Ұ¶ֹһʽƥ˾
395 ˹Ausoniusb.310?¬һλͽʡ Loeb Classics 2v Latin
396 ˣAlaricӶŵ䡣
399-401 ئν̻һAnastasius I
400-484 һʥ̻ - ̽ѾΣ۹˥
400? ҮͨױģӴʥVulgate BibleԭʼļʧӴʥΪ׼ʥ
400? Үɸ16:14Ժġ
400? ҮԼľ John 7,53-8,11
401-417 ʮν̻ӡŵɭһInnocent IöһЩϰΪ̵Ĺ淶
401 
403 ԼģJohn Chrysostomᰢ̣Ž̸ٻԸǵ
410 
415 ɽǣ̫ˣĵÿɱŮѧҺģHypatia
Hypatia ѧʷټı硣춻̷ˣ Alexandria Ϊкϰ򣬽̻ҶȨʱ412꣩¾εĴ Cyril Alexandria  Orestes мҵζHypatiaΪһ Orestes ѣ㱻ȵĻͽΪжһ˵ Nitrian ɮ²ıɱһ˵ͽıµı硣

416 ˁ
417-418 һν̻ĸZosimus
418-422 Ķν̻ʲᷨһBoniface I
418-419 ̻ʿEulalius
418 ˁ¬
420 ʥҮףѧ
422-432 ν̻ϯ˹һCelestine I
431 Ը󹫻飨Council of Ephesusκһ˶ʾΪʥĸ
429 ³ѷ˽ո˸ϳӢϲ
430 ʥ¹˹Ž̸ѧҼѧңϵ֮ǡ¼š
431 ǻ̷ѳɶģ˹Ը󹫻öΪˣŸɣJacobites
432 ʥɴ˿ʼ¹
432-440 ν̻˹Sixtus III
433-453 ūİAttila˳ơϵ۵ıӡ
440-461 ν̻ŷһLeo I
450 ɸҮոľ Mark 16, 9-20
451 ȿ˶մ󹫻飨Council of ChalcedonĴκһ顣ʾҮе˶ԣǹҮ˶۵½̻ѵЭ
451 ʿ̹˹ɣ˹ǿǲʥĸ
454 ʿ̹һ޵ԺԺ̵ϿˣEutychesһۣΪ˶xΪһԣΪˡ
455 ˣVandals
457-474 ν̻ŷһLeo IΪ۹ʣĶ۹ʵۡ
461-468 ν̻³˹Hilarus
468-483 İν̻ϣ˾Simplicius
474-491 ʵŵZeno
476 һʵĽ·˹Romulus Augustulus۹Ӵŷ⽨ᡣ
480-547 ʥƣSt. Benedictʥɴʼˡ
483-492 ľν̻˹
484-640 ̻ɽͼݱ֮ʱ - ۹󣬴󹫽̻ѼʱڡŷޱߡݲС
484-519 ޷ѣAcacian schismΥһͨͣHenoticonѶ Greek Roman̻ᡣ ˾Photinusִ£ϣְ̻֧ˣϻԡ˾˵Ľ·˹ʵ۽ܰˡ
489 ŵݻٰEdessa˹ѧУʥŽ̻ᡣ
491 ǽ̻˳ByzantiumRome̻ᡣ
491-518 ʵ۰˹˹һAnastasius I
492-496 ʮν̻ʸһGelasius IһʹһͷΡߣVicar of Christ- ̽ڡ
496-498 ̻ʰ˹˹Anastasius II
498 ˹ɶ춲˹˹Nisibis, Persia
498-514 ̻ˣSymmachus
514-523 ̻ʺ˹Hormisdas
523-526 ̻һJohn Iѳ
498-506 ̻˹Anti-Pope Lawrence˹塣
500 ʽһδ̻ĳݣٸԵһƻ
518-527 ռͥʵ˹һJustin I
525 Ұ˹Dionysius ExiguusҮյĵǹԪһʮإա
1054 ʿ̹̻ʻཫԷ̻ᣨ̻ the Great Schism̻ʽѣ̳
ʷ
1225 - 1994
1225-1274 ?ǣThomas Aquinasѧҡѧ
1260 1988иԿѧΪ粼the Shroud of Turin ҮչƲ춴
1321? Dante Alighieri The Divine Comedy
1328 ̻Nicholas V
1342-1352 ̻ʸClement VI
1350? Ӣ𽥳ΪӢĹ
1350? ո˶ʼ
1352-1362 ̻ӡŵ
1354 ļἰ粼the Shroud of Turin ҮչƲĴڡ
1380-1517 һӢʥ뱾·¾ʮ֮
1380-1382 ԼJohn WycliffeţѧңϣɸõNicholas of HerefordЭ£¾ԼʥӢģǵһӢʥԾ
1384 John Purvey׷޶ʥ뱾
1389-1404 ̻ʲᷨ޾Boniface IX
1390? ̵Ӣ⹥
1406-1417 ̻ʹʮGregory XII
1408  Լʥķţǻý̻ȫͬ⣬ýʥ뱾ġ˽ԷʥߴĦ֮ĿĲ ڽֹĶ֮ǰľʥ뱾Ƕ뱾Ϊд֮ǽֹµ뱾Ǵȷ֮󣬲Ķ "A Dialogue against Heresies"
1412-1431 ʥŮ£ŮӢۡ
1415 ˹ᶨʥɾζĵ۲֣涨ֻڽ̳ô󹫽̻߲Ķ
1453 ռͥͼ۹
1466-1536 ˹ķDesiderius ErasmusѧߣϣԼϣԼʮʥ߲ο롣
1473-1481 ˹͡ãSistine ChapelGiovanni de Dolci๤
1478 ̻ϣ˹Sixtus IV̲
1483-1546 ·£Martin Luther䡣͸ƹʥְԱΨų塹̻ȨְܾԱơĶʥ
1488-1569 գMiles Coverdale¹˹ʿ̶Ͼϵһλ̰ϣ̡
1491-1556 ǶҫҮջᴴˡ
1492 ײ׺߶࣬ʼ´½ֳʷ
1503-1513 ̻Julius II
1505-1572 Լŵ˹ոĸ̸Ľߡ
1506 ̻پɵʥ˵ôãȨDonato Bramanteƻ˽µĽã1606귽ȫ١
1508-1512 ׿ʻޣMichelangeloΪ˵ôûڻ
1509-1547 Henry VIIIͳӢ
1509-1564 ԼӶģJohn CalvinԤۣΪɹǼѡļǺš
1513-1522 ̻ŷʮLeo X
1517-1994 ̵¼Ԫ - ·¡Ӷ̵ִӡӢ̻ᡣ
1517 ·¾ʮ۸٣95 Theses
1520 ·̿
1522-1523 ̻ǵAdrian VI
1522 ·µԼʥ뱾
1523-1534 ̻ʸClement VII
1524 ¹Ϸũ񱩶·ֵ֧ѹһ͵ڽս
1525-1534 Լʥ뱾˹ķϣ뱾1466 룬Ƚͨװʥ VulgateϣĦ徭Ƚͨװʥ·ʥʹʥ̵Ĵ֮ⷴӳ·Լ뱾Ӱ졣
1530 ˹Augsburg Confession·½ڽ̻ᡣ
1531 ˵īϴ¬ʥĸMary at Guadalupe飬Ϊֵŵġ
1534 Ӣ̻ᣬ޵ԺƲ乫ʼʥᡣ
1534-1550 ̻ʱ»
1534 ҫҮջᣨ1491-1556Эջز¹ϲʦ´½ӡй
1535-1537 뱾Coverdale's Bibleʹö뱾οġ뱾·һξ춾Լ֮1537׼Уȴ1546ȡޡ
1536 ⴦¾Լ뱾ָ塣Ӣ̻٠SʥΪ·¸ĸζ
1537-1551 Լނ˹John Rogers춶뱾뱾̫ʥMatthew Bibleʥ뱾ɣ춹ڳݡ
1536-1541 ׿ʻޣMichelangeloͻ桸 the Last Judgement
1539-1552 ŵRichard Taverner޶̫ʥ뱾춲ϣģ뱾ΪԼ޶
1539-1569 ĴʥGreat Bibleһ׼Ӣ̻ṫʹõʥ뱾춶ʥ뱾汾ϣľԼ˹ķʥԼ뱾δӢ
1543 Ӣṫ涡ʥΪթȷʵķ롹Ȼ뱾ݵİٷ֮ʮ޶ʥ֮ڡ
1545-1563 ػ飨Council of Trent̵ĸĸԸ̵սٷѧ
1546 Ӣʺֹκӵж뱾뱾
1547-1553 »ͳӢ
1549 ʥ湫飨Book of Common Prayer
1550-1555 ̻
1550? ĦSt. Thomas MoreCranmerԼ˹FoxeȷʥӢ뱾ֵĵλĸżʾ顣
1553-1558 һͳӢֹͣӢʥְԱ뿪Ӣ
1553 ѧPontifical Gregorian Universityиԡ
1555-1559 ̻ʱ»Paul IV
1556 BezaԼ뱾
1558-1603 ɳһͳӢ
1559-1566 ̻ʱԼPius IV
1560 ʥGeneva BibleԼ޶Զ̫ʥBezaԼ뱾ԼǴʥGreat Bibleĳ޸ġոʹãӢȫٳ140档
1560 춲ͬڵʥ񼰽̻ͳιԼŵ˹John KnoxոϽ̻ᣨScotch Presbyterian Church 
1563 ʥʮ壨39 Articles, Episcopal Church
1566-1572 ̻ʱԼPius V
1571 ǿͼŷޣ˵ǱõʥĸOur Lady of the Rosary֮Ļͽˮֳ׻
1572-1585 ̻ʹʮGregory XIII
1572-1606 ʥBishop's BibleδĴʥthe Great Bible޶Ӣʥ档
1582 ķ˹ԼʥRheims NT춿뱾̡ʥ
1590-1591 ̻ڶUrban VII
1590 ˹͡汾֮ͨװʥVulgate
1590 ׿ʻޣMichelangeloʥ˵ýñڻ
1592-1605 ̻ʸClement VIII
1596 ڿĲͣڿ̻İռ̻ͥᡣ
1603-1625 ղķʿһͳӢһλԳƲе߹ͷ1707ϲ Act of Unionʵʩ󣬳ΪʽͷΡ
1605-1621 ̻ʱ»Paul V
1606 ?ŵCarlo Madernoʥ˵ô޸ĳʮּ״
1609 ԼʷأJohn SmythŻᡣ춷Ӥϴǿ̷롣
1609-1610 ̵һӢʥ뱾Rheims-Douay BibleԼֳ춷ǹٷ³ļ˹͡汾֮ͨװʥ޶Լݺķ˹Լʥ
1611-1800 ӢնʥKing James Versionʥķ˹Լʥξ޸Ĵնʥ߱Ϊܻϵۻߡ
1623-1644 ̻ڶUrban VIII
1625-1649 һͳӢ
1633 նʥAVո档
1644 ڹᣨLong ParliamentָʾֻϣӢ̻жЧȥξ
1644-1655 ̻ӡŵʮInnocent X
1653-1658 Oliver CromwellӢ
1655-1667 ̻ɽߣAlexander VII
1658-1712 Richard CromwellӢ
1660-1685 ӢCharles II king of EnglandָܣƷڹ1644飬ָξλáǸĸ֮ע⡣
1676-1689 ̻ӡŵʮһInnocent XI
1685-1688 ӢղķʿJames II king of Englandճ
1689-1702 ӢŮͳӢ
1700-1721 ̻ʸʮһClement XI
1702-1714 ӢŮݣAnne queen of England
1714-1727 ӢһGeorge I king of England
1714 նʥAVڰ档
1718 Dr. NaryʥŰķ˹ʥReims-Douay֮Ӵ
1727-1760 ӢζGeorge II king of England
1730-1740 ̻ʸʮClement XII
1730 κɭDr. Robert WithamԼʥ޶Ժķ˹Լʥ
1738 Լ˹John WesleyѭᣨMethodist Church
1738-1816 °Լʥ Dr. Richard Challoner and Francis Blyth O.D.C., Bernard MacMahon, Dr. Troyɡ
1740-1758 ̻ʱҿʮģBenedict XIV
1752 նʥAV´½ֳس档
1758-1769 ̻ʸʮClement XIII
1760-1820 ӢGeorge III king of England
1775-1800 ̻ʱԼPius VI
1776 ӵӢֳӢս
1800-1823 ̻ʱԼPius VII
1801-1877 ٺBrigham YoungĦŽݡ
1811 ̿¡ʥ޶Challoner's version
1820-1830 ӢGeorge IV king of England
1815 ʥݿ¡ʥ޶Լʥ
1816-1829 ¡ʥ޶Challoner's 3rd revision, ָDr. John Lingardϣʥͨױʥɡ
1823-1829 ̻ŷʮLeo XII
1827 Լɪʷ˹ĦŽ̻ᡣ
1829-1831 ̻ʱԼPius VIII
1830-1837 ӢWilliam IV king of England
1830 ݱʥĸڷ֣̻֮Ϊֵŵġ
1831-1846 ̻ʹʮGregory XVI
1832 ĸ֮̽ʧȥģϻͽ޳Ľ̻ᣨChurch of Christ
1837-1901 ӢŮά
1846-1878 ̻ʱԼPius IX
1852-1922 ɪCharles Taze Russell1870Үͻ֤˶
1859-1959 һ䣬̹90Լ뱾56ʥ뱾
1869-1870 һиԻ飨Vatican Councilإδ󹫻飬ȷ̻ۣйص¼ ex cathedra
1878-1903 ̻ŷʮLeo XIII
1878 ʥֻᣨNiagara Bible Conferenceʮĵ14-point creedҪɒá
1881-1894 Ӣ̻ʥRevised Version֮ҪʥԼԼοնԼԼķ˹ԼԼ棬ʥοϣʥϣľԼʮʿ뱾նȷѧԴδɡ
1898-1904 إԼʥTwentieth Century NTرԼ˳
1901-1910 Ӣ»Edward VII king of England
1901 ׼ʥAmerican Standard VersionʥĸƷʥѧ߽δʥõоɹһšһ׼ʥ
1901 ѭἰ̻ʧȥĻȣѮڽ̻ᣨPentecostal Churchڿ˹׸б
1902 ΰأRichard WeymouthԼʥʮϸַʥ뱾
1903-1914 ̻ʱԼʮһλʥĽ̻ʡ
1910-1936 ӢGeorge V king of England
1910 ϻᣨPresbyterian General AssemblyͬҪҪߒá
1910-1915 64λӢѧߡʦŻҪҪʮϼΪҪĻ
1913-1924 ĦʥJames Moffat Bibleİһ˶ɵʥ
1914-1922 ̻ʱҿʮ壨Benedict XV
1919 ȫͽҪЭᣨWorld's Christian Fundamentals Association
1922-1939 ̻ʱԼʮһPius XI
1925 ˹˹Scopes Trial»Ҫڲ硣
1936 Ӣ»Edward VIII king of EnglandλӢɯ
1936-1952 ӢGeorge VI king of England
1936 °ԼʥWestminster NTţHierarchyȨʥ
1939-1958 ̻ʱԼʮPius XII
1945-1955 ŵ˹ʥKnox VersionͨױʥӢ˹֮Ȩ
1946-1952 ׼ʥRevised Standard Version
1949 ӢʥBasic English Bibleֻһǧ򵥡ֱӵӢĵ֡
1949 QumranֳDead Sea scrolls
1952-Present ӢŮɳ׶Elizabeth II queen of England
1957 ӶڡڵĹڡɡĸڽ̻һ˶ϻ̻ᣨUnited Church of Christ
1958-1963 ̻إJohn XXIII
1958 ˹ԼʥJ. B. Phillip's NTʹÿﻯġ
1959 ϻ̻ᣨUnited Church of Christס
1961 ӢʥNew English Bible, ȡӢʥBasic English BibleĶ֮á
1962-1965 ڶиԻ飬إһδ󹫻顣̻۸Ϊ䱾ͨҪӽ̻ʵĽѵʹ̻ڷʽ˵ĻҲҪӡ
1963-1978 ̻ʱ»Paul VI
1966 ̰׼ʥӢ̻̹һʥһ
1966 Ү·ʥJerusalem Bible춷İҮ·ʥBible de Jerusalem
1970 ֵ֮ʥ뱾Confraternity Versionʥ뱾ԭͨʥΪϣľԼϣԼΪ뱾
1971 ׼ʥNew American Standard Bibleο½ֵϣġϣʥ޶׼ʥASV
1978 ̻»һJohn Paul I
1978 ¹ʰʥNew International VersionʹִӢĸʽ
1978-? ̻»John Paul IIٴȷص´ͳֹŮ԰˾ְ
1979-1982? ղķ˹ʥNew King James Bibleն޶άնķ
1994 ֮
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